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- VIDEO, Page 88Mock Crisis, Real Players
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- Ted Koppel gets officials to act out a U.S.-Soviet confrontation
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- By Bruce Van Voorst
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-
- Soviet officials are already meeting in Moscow on a
- deepening crisis in Afghanistan as, 5,000 miles away in
- Washington, members of an American task force are rushed by
- police escort to the Old Executive Office Building. The U.S.
- President and Vice President have been disabled by a poison-gas
- attack. The Americans receive an intelligence briefing
- suggesting that maverick Soviet agents, seeking to undermine
- Mikhail Gorbachev and his international peace offensive, may
- have been behind the assassination attempt.
-
- The year is 1991, and the scene is the beginning of a
- "crisis game" depicting what might happen in a superpower
- confrontation. Conceived, produced and anchored by Nightline's
- Ted Koppel, the one-hour program, The Koppel Report: The Blue
- X Conspiracy, will be broadcast by ABC on Thursday (Dec. 7) at
- 10 p.m. (EST). It is the first time that such a televised
- exercise has featured actual U.S. and Soviet foreign policy and
- military officials playing the roles of government figures.
- "I've played simulations against `red' teams all my professional
- life," says retired Army Chief of Staff Edward Meyer, who acts
- as Deputy Secretary of Defense. "This was the first time the red
- team was made up of real reds -- Russians who think and act like
- Russians."
-
- The show was taped in simultaneous sessions in Washington
- and Moscow. The participants responded to developments concocted
- by "control teams" behind the scenes. Koppel headed the team in
- Washington, and TIME editor at large Strobe Talbott supervised
- the Soviet operation at the headquarters of the State Committee
- for Television and Radio in Moscow. Koppel and Talbott kept in
- constant touch over an open telephone line. They were assisted
- by experts who helped improvise minicrises as the scenario
- unfolded, translated "hot-line" messages that flashed back and
- forth between the capitals by fax, and doubled as supporting
- actors when the stars demanded an on-camera briefing.
-
- Reassuringly, the more dangerous and uncertain the game
- becomes on The Blue X Conspiracy, the more cautious the players
- turn on both sides. When word reaches the Soviets that the
- Afghan mujahedin rebels, backed by the U.S., have attacked the
- key Afghan air base at Bagram with chemical weapons, Georgi
- Korniyenko, a retired Deputy Foreign Minister and longtime aide
- to Andrei Gromyko, warns his colleagues not to "jump to the
- conclusion that this step was sanctioned by the highest
- leadership of the U.S. Administration."
-
- The American policymakers show similar restraint when the
- controllers try to unnerve them by having a U.S. KC-135 tanker
- aircraft stray into Soviet airspace and a U.S. destroyer
- accidentally ram a Soviet submarine. In the role of Chairman of
- the Joint Chiefs of Staff is Admiral William Crowe Jr., who in
- reality stepped down from that position only the day before the
- taping. "These things happen," he says.
-
- The Blue X Conspiracy contains reminders of how the current
- climate of U.S.-Soviet relations affects decision making,
- whether in a mock crisis or a real one. Such a game would
- probably not have been played in the depths of the cold war, but
- if it had, there would probably have been considerably more
- saber rattling, perhaps even nuclear warnings. In the Gorbachev
- era, both sides go out of their way to avoid escalation. The
- Soviets cancel strategic exercises because they might be
- misunderstood. In the investigation of the poison-gas attack in
- Washington, Georgi Arbatov, the director of the Institute of
- U.S.A. and Canada Studies, who plays a national security adviser
- to the Kremlin, orders the KGB to work directly with the CIA.
-
- The show also illustrates the way leaders must expect the
- unexpected and not always believe what they hear. The Soviet
- side is distressed as Washington gets mired in the
- constitutional procedures for authorizing the next in line --
- the Speaker of the House -- to act as President. Later, the
- American team is incensed by an intelligence report, which
- proves to be erroneous, that the Afghan army has fired Soviet
- missiles armed with chemical warheads into mujahedin refugee
- camps in Pakistan.
-
- Even in the tensest moments, both sides are sensitive to
- how the world views the confrontation. Congressman Les Aspin,
- chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, who plays the
- White House chief of staff, leaves at one point to hold a press
- conference. On the Moscow end, Yevgeni Velikhov, vice president
- of the Academy of Sciences, reminds his comrades that they need
- to keep the Supreme Soviet, or parliament, informed of
- developments.
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- Velikhov and Arbatov are, in fact, both advisers to
- Gorbachev. They came to the TV set straight from a stormy
- government meeting and brought with them a sense of reality that
- put The Blue X Conspiracy in perspective. While waiting for a
- reply to a hot-line message to Washington, the Soviet team
- agreed that, however complex and serious, the problems in the
- simulation paled compared with those Gorbachev faces in the real
- world.
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-
- -- Ann Blackman/Moscow
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-